ليال خالد علي جمبي

مجال
التميز

تميز
دراسي وبحثي + إبداع علمي (جائزة تفوقية)

البحوث المنشورة

البحث (1):

عنوان البحث:

Evaluation Of XRI-UNO Cdte Detector For Nuclear Medical Imaging

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ النشر:

22-06-2015

موجز عن البحث:

Over the last two decades advances
in semiconductor detector technology have reached the point where they are
sufficiently sensitive to become an alternative to scintillators for high
energy gamma ray detection for application in fields such as medical imaging.
This paper assessed the Cadmium-Telluride (CdTe) XRI-UNO semiconductor
detector produced by X-RAY Imatek for photon energies of interest in nuclear
imaging. The XRI-UNO detector was found to have an intrinsic spatial
resolution of <0.5mm and a high incident count rate capability up to at
least 1680cps. The system spatial resolution, uniformity and sensitivity
characteristics are also reported.

البحث (2):

عنوان البحث:

Lymphoscintigraphic
Imaging Study For Quantitative Evaluation Of A Small Field Of View SFOV Gamma
Camera

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ النشر:

21/07/2015

موجز عن البحث:

The Hybrid
Compact Gamma Camera (HCGC) is a portable optical-gamma hybrid imager
designed for intraoperative medical imaging, particularly for sentinel lymph
node biopsy procedures. To investigate the capability of the HCGC in
lymphatic system imaging, two lymphoscintigraphic phantoms have been designed
and constructed. These phantoms allowed quantitative assessment and
evaluation of the HCGC for lymphatic vessel (LV) and sentinel lymph node(SLN)
detection. Fused optical and gamma images showed good alignment of the two
modalities allowing localisation of activity within the LV and the SLN. At an
imaging distance of 10 cm, the spatial resolution of the HCGC during the
detection process of the simulated LV was not degraded at a separation of
more than 1.5 cm (variation < 5%) from the injection site (IS). Even in
the presence of the IS the targeted LV was detectable with an acquisition
time of less than 2 minutes. The HCGC could detect SLNs containing different
radioactivity concentrations (ranging between 1:20 to 1:100 SLN to IS
activity ratios) and under various scattering thicknesses (ranging between
5mm to 30 mm) with high contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values (ranging between
11.6 and 110.8). The HCGC can detect the simulated SLNs at various IS to SLN
distances, different IS to SLN activity ratios and through varied scattering
medium thicknesses. The HCGC provided an accurate physical localisation of
radiopharmaceutical uptake in the simulated SLN. These characteristics of the
HCGC reflect its suitability for utilisation in lymphatic vessel drainage
imaging and SLN imaging in patients in different critical clinical situations
such as interventional and surgical procedures.

البحث (3):

عنوان البحث:

A Novel Compact
Hybrid Optical-Gamma-Camera: First Clinical Results

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ
النشر:

01/05/2016

موجز
عن البحث:

Objectives:

Hybrid imaging
has proven to be a major innovation in medical diagnosis. In nuclear medicine
hybrid imaging allows the fusion of functional information with anatomical
detail, however clinical studies have mainly been been carried out with large
whole body scanning instruments. We have developed and characterised a
compact small field of view hybrid camera of weight approximately 1kg. The
camera consists of a CsI(Tl) columnar scintillator coupled to an electron
multiplying CCD. A pinhole collimator coupled with a mirror and optical
camera assembly provides alignment of optical images within the same FOV as
the gamma camera.

Methods:

Eligible
patients attending the nuclear medicine clinic at Queen’s Medical Centre,
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, and Nottingham were invited to
take part according to ethical approval by the UK National Research Ethics
Committee (REC Ref No. 12/EM/0201). In addition to routine imaging following
the standard injection of the radiopharmaceutical, hybrid planar images of
the patient were acquired and presented in a fused optical-gamma display.

Results:

Patients
undergoing routine imaging procedures with Tc-99m and I-123 were
investigated. These included DatSCAN, bone, thyroid, lachrimal drainage and
lymphatic imaging. Initial investigations of high resolution imaging using a
0.6mm crystal and 0.5mm pin hole resulted in long acquisition times of over 5
minutes. Increasing the thickness of the scintillator to 1.5mm and the
diameter of the pin hole to 1mm improved the sensitivity, allowing images to
be recorded within 5 minutes. Localisation of DatSCAN uptake in the striatum
of patients was not visualised using the thinner crystal and 0.5mm pin hole
configuration, however the small field of view system was well suited to
small organ imaging. Especially good results were achieved for lymphatic,
thyroid and lacrimal drainage studies, where the uptake could be clearly seen
in relation to the patient surface anatomy.

Conclusions:

This clinical pilot
study has demonstrated the first results of clinical hybrid optical-gamma
imaging in a range of patients. Use of the system has raised new
possibilities for small organ imaging, where the localisation of
radiopharmaceutical uptake can be presented in an anatomical context using
optical imaging. The compact nature of the hybrid system offers the potential
for bedside investigations and further evaluation of the hybrid camera for
intraoperative imaging in a surgical theatre setting is underway.

البحث (4):

عنوان البحث:

Quantitative Investigation Of A Novel
Small Field Of View Hybrid Gamma Camera (HGC) Capability For Sentinel Lymph
Node Detection

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ النشر:

17/08/2016

موجز عن البحث:

OBJECTIVE:

The hybrid
gamma camera (HGC) has been developed to enhance the localization of
radiopharmaceutical uptake in targeted tissues during surgical procedures
such as sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy. To assess the capability of the
HGC, a lymph node contrast (LNC) phantom was constructed to simulate medical
scenarios of varying radioactivity concentrations and SLN size.

METHODS:

The phantom was
constructed using two clear acrylic glass plates. The SLNs were simulated by
circular wells of diameters ranging from 10 to 2.5 mm (16 wells in total) in
1 plate. The second plate contains four larger rectangular wells to simulate
tissue background activity surrounding the SLNs. The activity used to
simulate each SLN ranged between 4 and 0.025 MBq. The activity concentration
ratio between the background and the activity injected in the SLNs was
1 : 10. The LNC phantom was placed at different depths of scattering material
ranging between 5 and 40 mm. The collimator-to-source distance was 120 mm.
Image acquisition times ranged from 60 to 240 s.

RESULTS:

Contrast-to-noise
ratio analysis and full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) measurements of the
simulated SLNs were carried out for the images obtained. Over the range of
activities used, the HGC detected between 87.5 and 100% of the SLNs through
20 mm of scattering material and 75–93.75% of the SLNs through 40 mm of
scattering material. The FWHM of the detected SLNs ranged between 11.93 and
14.70 mm.

CONCLUSION:

The HGC is
capable of detecting low accumulation of activity in small SLNs, indicating
its usefulness as an intraoperative imaging system during surgical SLN
procedures.

ADVANCES IN
KNOWLEDGE:

This study
investigates the capability of a novel small-field-of-view (SFOV) HGC to
detect low activity uptake in small SLNs. The phantom and procedure described
are inexpensive and could be easily replicated and applied to any SFOV
camera, to provide a comparison between systems with clinically relevant
results.

البحث (5):

عنوان البحث:

A Comparison Of
Csi:Tl And GOS In A Scintillator-CCD Detector For Nuclear Medicine Imaging

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ النشر:

22/09/2016

موجز عن البحث:

A number of
portable gamma cameras for medical imaging use scintillator-CCD based
detectors. This paper compares the performance of a scintillator-CCD based
portable gamma camera with either a columnar CsI:Tl or a pixelated GOS
scintillator installed. The CsI:Tl scintillator has a sensitivity of 40% at
140.5 keV compared to 54% with the GOS scintillator. The intrinsic spatial
resolution of the pixelated GOS detector was 1.09 mm, over 4 times poorer
than for CsI:Tl. Count rate capability was also found to be significantly
lower when the GOS scintillator was used. The uniformity was comparable for
both scintillators.

البحث (6):

عنوان البحث:

A
Multimodality Hybrid Gamma-Optical Camera For Intraoperative Imaging

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ النشر:

09/03/2017

موجز عن البحث:

The
development of low profile gamma-ray detectors has encouraged the production
of small field of view (SFOV) hand-held imaging devices for use at the
patient bedside and in operating theatres. Early development of these SFOV
cameras was focussed on a single modality—gamma ray imaging. Recently, a
hybrid system—gamma plus optical imaging—has been developed. This combination
of optical and gamma cameras enables high spatial resolution multi-modal
imaging, giving a superimposed scintigraphic and optical image. Hybrid
imaging offers new possibilities for assisting clinicians and surgeons in
localising the site of uptake in procedures such as sentinel node detection.
The hybrid camera concept can be extended to a multimodal detector design
which can offer stereoscopic images, depth estimation of gamma-emitting
sources, and simultaneous gamma and fluorescence imaging. Recent improvements
to the hybrid camera have been used to produce dual-modality images in both
laboratory simulations and in the clinic. Hybrid imaging of a patient who
underwent thyroid scintigraphy is reported. In addition, we present data
which shows that the hybrid camera concept can be extended to estimate the
position and depth of radionuclide distribution within an object and also
report the first combined gamma and Near-Infrared (NIR) fluorescence images.

البحث (7):

عنوان البحث:

A Hand-Held Hybrid Gamma-Near-Infrared Fluorescence
Imaging Camera

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ النشر:

01/05/2017

موجز عن البحث:

Objectives:
Recently, there have been important advances in the clinical application of
targeted hybrid near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent-radioactive tracers.
ICG-99mTc-nanocolloid, for example, is already being used by some centres for
sentinel lymph node biopsy in head and neck cancer. The radioactive component
allows imaging at depths which would not be possible with NIR alone and, once
exposed, the NIR fluorescence reporter can be imaged at very high resolution.
Gamma detection is currently carried out with a separate hand-held gamma
camera or with a non-imaging probe. Visualisation of NIR fluorescence during
surgery requires a dedicated NIR camera, several of which are available
commercially. We describe a novel hand-held hybrid NIR-gamma small field of view
camera, capable of displaying co-aligned images from both modalities, which
can be fused into one image or viewed separately. This study is a preliminary
investigation of the performance of the fluorescence component of this
camera, including phantom studies and first images from a preclinical pilot
study.

Methods: The hybrid
camera consists of a 1500 µm thick thallium doped caesium iodide columnar
(CsI:Tl) scintillator coupled to an electron multiplying charged coupled
device (EMCCD). A 1.0mm diameter tungsten pinhole collimator gives a 40mm x
40mm nominal field of view for an 8mm x 8mm CCD detection area. A
fluorescence camera was aligned to provide the same field of view as the
gamma camera with an LED ring as the excitation source. The performance of
the fluorescence imaging was quantified in this study for the fluorophores
ICG and IRDye800CW (CW800) using a range of bespoke phantom experiments. In
vivo images were also obtained from a preclinical study of a targeted hybrid
tracer (cRGD-CW800-TCO + TCO-DOTA-111In) in mice with HT29 colorectal cancer
xenografts.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The portable hybrid camera
prototype has been shown to successfully image dual NIR-gamma tracers using
both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. With further development, this
camera could be used intraoperatively, offering the benefits of gamma imaging
at depth in tissues and high resolution surface NIR fluorescence imaging in a
single imaging system.

البحث (8):

عنوان البحث:

Capability Of A Novel Small Field Of View Hybrid
Gamma Camera (HGC) For Sentinel Lymph Node And Small Organ Imaging

رابط إلى البحث:

Click here

تاريخ النشر:

01/05/2017

موجز عن البحث:

Objectives: Small
field of view gamma detection and imaging technologies for monitoring in vivo
tracer uptake are rapidly expanding and being introduced for bed-side imaging
and image guided surgical procedures. The Hybrid Gamma Camera (HGC) has been
developed to enhance the localization of targeted radiopharmaceuticals during
surgical procedures; for example in sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsies and
for bed-side imaging in procedures such as lacrimal drainage imaging and
thyroid scanning. In this study, a prototype anthropomorphic head and neck
phantom has been designed, constructed, and evaluated using representative
modelled medical scenarios to study the capability of the HGC to detect SLNs
and image small organs.

Methods: An
anthropomorphic head and neck phantom has been designed to mimic the adult
head and neck including some internal organs and tissues of interest, such as
the thyroid gland and sentinel lymph nodes. The design of the head and neck
phantom included an adjustable inner jig holding the simulated SLNs and
thyroid gland. The simulated thyroid gland was designed and 3D printed taking
into consideration the size and the shape of a healthy adult thyroid gland.
The inner sealed space of the thyroid was filled with 15MBq of 99mTc through
two upper filling valves. Sealed micro-tubes (0.2ml) have been employed to
simulate SLNs containing various 99mTc activity concentrations ranging
between 0.1MBq and 1MBq, and can be positioned at any desired place in the
head and neck region. An active background was simulated through mixing 10MBq
of 99mTc solution with the water used to fill the outer shell of the head and
neck phantom.

Results: The head
and neck phantom was employed to simulate a situation where there are four
SLNs distributed at two different vertical levels and at two depths within
the neck. Contrast to noise ratio (CNR) calculations were performed for the
detected SLNs at an 80mm distance between both pinhole collimators (i.e.
0.5mm and 1.0mm diameters) and the surface of the head and neck phantom with
a 100s acquisition time. The recorded CNR values for the simulated SLNs are
higher when the HGC was fitted with the 1.0mm diameter pinhole collimator.
For instance, the recorded CNR values for the superficially simulated SLN
containing 0.1MBq of 99mTc using 0.5mm and 1.0mm diameter pinhole collimators
are 6.48 and 16.42, respectively (~87% difference). The anatomical context
provided by the hybrid imaging aided the localization process of
radioactivity accumulation in simulated SLNs. Gamma and hybrid optical images
were acquired using the HGC with both available pinhole collimators for the
simulated thyroid gland. The thyroid images produced varied in terms of
spatial resolution and detectability. The count profiles through the middle
of the simulated thyroid gland images provided by both pinhole collimators
were obtained. The HGC could clearly differentiate the individual peaks of
both thyroid lobes in the gamma image produced by the 0.5mm pinhole
collimator. In contrast, the recorded count profile for the acquired image
using the 1.0mm diameter pinhole collimator showed broader peaks for both
lobes, reflecting the degradation of the spatial resolution with increasing
the diameter of the pinhole collimator.

Conclusion: The capability of the HGC has been
evaluated utilizing a prototype anthropomorphic head and neck phantom, and
the gamma and hybrid images obtained demonstrate that it is ideally suited
for intraoperative SLNs detection and small organ imaging. The
standardization of test phantoms and protocols for SFOV portable gamma
systems will provide an opportunity to collect data across various medical
centers and research groups. Moreover, it will provide a technical baseline
for researchers and clinical practitioners to consider when assessing their
SFOV gamma imaging systems. The anthropomorphic head and neck phantom described
is cost effective, reproducible, flexible and anatomically representative.

البحث (9):

عنوان البحث:

A novel compact small field of view hybrid
gamma camera: first clinical results

رابط إلى البحث:

Click Here  

تاريخ النشر:

12/07/2017

Introduction

Hybrid
imaging has proven to be a major innovation in nuclear medicine, allowing the
fusion of functional information with anatomical detail. In the past, the use
of hybrid imaging such as PET-CT, PET-MRI and SPECT-CT has been of great
clinical benefit; however, these scanners are relatively large and bulky. We
have developed and investigated the clinical application of a compact small
field of view hybrid gamma camera (HGC) that is suitable for small-organ
imaging at the patient bedside.

Patients
and methods

The
HGC – consisting of a CsI(Tl) scintillation crystal coupled to an
electron-multiplying charge-coupled device and an optical camera – was used
in this study. Eligible patients attending the nuclear medicine clinic at
Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust,
Nottingham, UK, were invited to take part in this study. Following the
standard injection of either a 99mTc-labelled or 123I-labelled
radiopharmaceutical, images of the patient were acquired using the HGC and
presented in a fused optical-gamma display.

Results

There
were 24 patients enrolled in the study (age range between 30 and 83 years,
mean: 58.6 years), images of 18 of whom were successfully acquired. These
included patients who were undergoing bone, thyroid, lacrimal drainage,
DaTscan and lymphatic imaging. In general, the small field of view system was
well suited to small-organ imaging. The uptake could be clearly seen in
relation to the patient surface anatomy and showed particular promise for
lymphatic, thyroid and lacrimal drainage studies.

Conclusion

This
pilot study has demonstrated the first clinical results of hybrid
optical-gamma imaging in patients. The use of this system has raised new
possibilities for small-organ imaging, in which the localization of
radiopharmaceutical uptake can be presented in an anatomical context using
optical imaging. The compact nature of the hybrid system offers the potential
for bedside investigations and intraoperative use.

المؤتمرات العلمية:

المؤتمر (1):

عنوان المؤتمر:

Bir Annual Congress

تاريخ الإنعقاد:

22‐23
October 2014

مكان
الإنعقاد:

London, UK

طبيعة المشاركة:

Poster presentation

عنوان المشاركة:

Performance Of A Hybrid Gamma-Optical
Camera For Improved Utility In Diagnostic Imaging

ملخص المشاركة:

Introduction:

The development of portable gamma cameras
offers new applications for intraoperative imaging [1]. Multi-modality
systems have a long heritage in nuclear medicine [2]. A multi-model
gamma-optical system has been proposed as one possibility for improving surgical
utility [3].
The Hybrid Compact Gamma Camera (HCGC) is novel handheld small field of view
(SFOV) compact hybrid gamma-optical camera. The combination of an optical and
a gamma-ray camera, in a co-aligned configuration, offers high spatial
resolution scintigraphic imaging fused with anatomical information from an
optical image. This study investigates the efficacy of the HCGC in
intraoperative imaging in procedures such as sentinel lymph node biopsies.
Results:
The characteristics of the HCGC have been found to compare favourably with
SFOV cameras currently in use. Spatial resolution of less than 1mm was
recorded with a system sensitivity of up to 214cps/MBq. The effect of
operator motion on spatial resolution was found to be less than 25%. Fused images
showed good alignment of the two modalities allowing localization of
activity.

Conclusion:
The performance characteristics of a hybrid camera have been described and
initial images demonstrate that it is ideally suited for intraoperative
imaging. The anatomical context provided by the optical camera aids the
physical localization of radiopharmaceutical uptake. These studies encourage
us to carry out further evaluation in preparation for its use in a surgical
theatre setting.

المؤتمر (2):

عنوان المؤتمر:

The European
Congress Of Radiology (ECR) 2016

تاريخ الإنعقاد:

01/03/2016

مكان
الإنعقاد:

Vienna, Austria

طبيعة المشاركة:

Poster
presentation

عنوان المشاركة:

Development Of
A Small Field Of View Camera For Medical Imaging

ملخص المشاركة:

Purpose: The
development of small field of view (SFOV) gamma cameras for intraoperative
imaging is an expanding area of research. Combining gamma and optical imaging
in a co-aligned configuration is a new concept that could provide high
spatial resolution imaging and enhance localisation during critical surgical
procedures such as in head and neck biopsies.

Methods and
materials: The Hybrid Compact Gamma Camera (HCGC)
is a new technology, developed in Space Research Centre, University of
Leicester in collaboration with Queens Medical Centre, University of
Nottingham, for hybrid gamma-optical imaging.

A performance
characterisation of the HCGC has been completed using a columnar CsI(TI) and
a pixelated gadolinium oxysulfide (GOS) ceramic scintillator. Characteristics
investigated include spatial resolution, uniformity, sensitivity and count
rate capability.

Results: The
performance characterisation allowed for quantitative comparisons of HCGC
with different scintillators installed. 
System spatial resolution, for example, was ~1.8mm for the CsI(TI) and
~2.0mm for the GOS scintillator. The anatomical context provided by the
optical camera aids the physical localisation of radiopharmaceutical uptake.

Conclusion: The
performance characteristics of the HCGC illustrate its capability to be used
in a range of healthcare applications; diagnosis, surgical investigation and
the visualisation of drug delivery. Fused gamma and optical images should be
ideally suited for intraoperative imaging. These studies encourage us to
carry out further evaluation in preparation for its use in a surgical theatre
setting.

المؤتمر (3):

عنوان المؤتمر:

KFMC Conference
On Medical Physics And Engineering In Medicine

تاريخ الإنعقاد:

12/10/2016

مكان
الإنعقاد:

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

طبيعة المشاركة:

Paper
presentation

عنوان المشاركة:

A
High-Resolution Gamma-Optical Hybrid Camera For Medical Imaging

ملخص المشاركة:

Introduction: The development
of portable mini gamma cameras in medical imaging offers new applications for
intraoperative nuclear imaging. A new concept for a nuclear diagnostic
imaging is presented, Hybrid Compact Gamma Camera (HCGC). This newly
developed gamma camera is a Small Field Of View (SFOV) camera and has high
spatial resolution, approximately 1mm. The camera was originally developed in
Space Research Centre, University of Leicester. This study investigates the
performance of the HCGC following characterisation protocols modified for use
specifically with SFOV gamma cameras.

Materials and
methods:The Hybrid Compact Gamma Camera (HCGC) is a new
portable gamma camera and has the potential to be operated as a hand-held
camera during intraoperative procedures. The HCGC consists of charged coupled
device (CCD), a thallium-doped caesium iodide CsI(TI) scintillator and a
tungsten pinhole collimator. The distance between the CCD and the pinhole
collimator is 10mm which is fixed. While the distance between the pinhole collimator
and the source being imaged is varied to determine the magnification factor
on the CCD. The hybrid compact gamma camera, combines gamma and optical
cameras, this offers optical, gamma and fused imaging. Tungsten shielding of
3 mm thickness surrounds the head of the hybrid camera and, in order to
isolate the head thermally and electrically, it is sealed in a non-toxic
plastic enclosure. Both the gamma-ray and optical cameras are connected to
the readout and control electronic system and all are managed by a standard
PC or laptop.

Results and
discussions: The performance of the HCGC was
characterised successfully. The results agreed that it has spatial resolution
of less than 1mm with system sensitivity of up to 214cps/MBq. Fused images
showed good alignment of the two modalities allowing good localization of
activity.

Conclusion: The efficacy
of a hybrid camera has been described and initial images demonstrate that it
is ideally suited for intraoperative imaging. The anatomy and structural
appearance detected by the optical camera aids the physical localization of
radiopharmaceutical uptake. Based on these studies, further evaluation of the
hybrid camera could be carried out to be prepared for its use in a surgical
theatre setting.

المؤتمر (4):

عنوان المؤتمر:

2016
IEEE NSS/MIC

تاريخ الإنعقاد:

29/10/2016

مكان
الإنعقاد:

Strasbourg,
France

طبيعة المشاركة:

Poster
presentation

عنوان المشاركة:

Comparison Of Columnar Scintillators And
Pixelated Scintillators For Small Field Of View Hybrid Gamma Camera Imaging

ملخص المشاركة:

Aims:

In intraoperative medical imaging, the
development of small field of view (SFOV) hybrid gamma cameras is an
expanding research field. Combining both gamma and optical imaging in a
co-aligned configuration is a new innovation that could provide high spatial
resolution scintigraphic imaging and enhance the physical localisation of
radiopharmaceutical uptake during critical surgical procedures such as in
head and neck biopsies.

The aim of this study was to compare the
performance characteristics of the Hybrid Gamma Camera (HGC) using thallium
doped caesium iodide CsI(TI) columnar scintillator and pixelated gadolinium
oxysulfide (GOS) ceramic scintillator following the schematic protocols
provided by the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine (IPEM) [1]. 

Materials and Methods:

The hybrid gamma camera (HGC) consists of an
electron multiplying CCD coupled to a 1500µm thick scintillator (in this
study both CsI(TI) and GOS scintillators were used). A tungsten pinhole
collimator coupled with a mirror and optical camera [2].

A performance characterisation of the HGC has
been completed using a columnar CsI(TI) and a pixelated gadolinium oxysulfide
(GOS) ceramic scintillator. Characteristics investigated include spatial
resolution (both intrinsic and extrinsic), intrinsic uniformity, intrinsic
sensitivity and count rate capability.

Results:

The performance characterisation allowed for
quantitative comparisons of HGC with different scintillators installed.
Intrinsic spatial resolution, for example, was ~0.32mm for the CsI(TI) and
~1.09mm for the GOS scintillator.

Conclusions:

The
performance characteristics of the HGC illustrate its capability to be used
in a wide range of healthcare applications such as: diagnosis, surgical
investigation and the visualisation of drug delivery. Fused gamma and optical
images should be ideally suited for intraoperative imaging. These studies
encourage us to carry out further evaluation in preparation for its use in a
surgical theatre setting.

المؤتمر (5):

عنوان المؤتمر:

The BNMS 45th Annual Spring Meeting

تاريخ الإنعقاد:

20-22 May 2017

مكان
الإنعقاد:

Birmingham,
UK

طبيعة المشاركة:

Oral
presentation

عنوان المشاركة:

Use Of
A Novel Small Field Of View Hybrid Gamma Camera (HGC) For Iodine-125 Seed
Localisation

ملخص المشاركة:

Introduction: There has been increasing use
of the iodine-125 radioactive seed localisation (RSL) technique for guiding
breast conserving surgery of non-palpable breast tumours. The current
standard method for detecting the embedded I-125 seed is using a gamma probe.
The aim of this study was to explore the potential use of a handheld hybrid
gamma camera (HGC) for RSL. 

Method: A newly developed HGC (Lees JE, et.
al. 2014, 9(12):C12020. JINST) was used to acquire images of OncoSeed™
(6711C, Oncura, GE Healthcare, USA) with activity levels ranging between 3
and 8 MBq. The performance of the gamma imaging was assessed at different
source depths and source to surface distances (SSD), utilising bespoke
phantoms to simulate patient anatomy and position. Hybrid optical-gamma
images were obtained and assessed.

Results: The camera was able to detect the
seed at SSD 25 mm (no scattering material in place) within a one-minute
acquisition time. Subjective assessment of gamma images acquired with the
phantom showed the capabilities of the HGC in localising I-125 seed in the
clinical simulation. However, the detected count rates were low and better
quality images were obtained with acquisition times greater than 2 minutes.
Visual examination of images revealed that the HGC could detect I-125 seeds
located at depths up to 20 mm beneath tissue equivalent scattering material.

Conclusion:
This preliminary study demonstrates that the HGC is capable of detecting
I-125 seeds and could be a useful tool in RSL with the added benefit of
providing hybrid optical gamma images for guiding breast conserving surgery.

المؤتمر (6):

عنوان المؤتمر:

SNMMI
2017 Annual Meeting

تاريخ الإنعقاد:

June 10-14,
2017

مكان
الإنعقاد:

Denver, Colorado

طبيعة المشاركة:

Oral
presentation

عنوان المشاركة:

A
Hand-Held Hybrid Gamma-Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Camera

ملخص المشاركة:

Objectives: Recently, there have been
important advances in the clinical application of targeted hybrid
near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent-radioactive tracers. ICG-99mTc-nanocolloid,
for example, is already being used by some centres for sentinel lymph node biopsy
in head and neck cancer. The radioactive component allows imaging at depths
which would not be possible with NIR alone and, once exposed, the NIR
fluorescence reporter can be imaged at very high resolution. Gamma detection
is currently carried out with a separate hand-held gamma camera or with a
non-imaging probe. Visualisation of NIR fluorescence during surgery requires
a dedicated NIR camera, several of which are available commercially. We
describe a novel hand-held hybrid NIR-gamma small field of view camera,
capable of displaying co-aligned images from both modalities, which can be
fused into one image or viewed separately. This study is a preliminary
investigation of the performance of the fluorescence component of this
camera, including phantom studies and first images from a preclinical pilot
study.

Methods: The
hybrid camera consists of a 1500 µm thick thallium doped caesium iodide
columnar (CsI:Tl) scintillator coupled to an electron multiplying charged
coupled device (EMCCD). A 1.0mm diameter tungsten pinhole collimator gives a
40mm x 40mm nominal field of view for an 8mm x 8mm CCD detection area. A
fluorescence camera was aligned to provide the same field of view as the
gamma camera with an LED ring as the excitation source. The performance of
the fluorescence imaging was quantified in this study for the fluorophores
ICG and IRDye800CW (CW800) using a range of bespoke phantom experiments. In
vivo images were also obtained from a preclinical study of a targeted hybrid
tracer (cRGD-CW800-TCO + TCO-DOTA-111In) in mice with HT29 colorectal cancer
xenografts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The portable hybrid camera prototype has
been shown to successfully image dual NIR-gamma tracers using both in vitro
and in vivo experimental models. With further development, this camera could
be used intraoperatively, offering the benefits of gamma imaging at depth in
tissues and high resolution surface NIR fluorescence imaging in a single
imaging system.

المؤتمر (7):

عنوان المؤتمر:

SNMMI
2017 Annual Meeting

تاريخ الإنعقاد:

June 10-14,
2017

مكان
الإنعقاد:

Denver, Colorado

طبيعة المشاركة:

Oral
presentation

عنوان المشاركة:

Capability
Of A Novel Small Field Of View Hybrid Gamma Camera (HGC) For Sentinel Lymph
Node And Small Organ Imaging

ملخص المشاركة:

Objectives: Small field of view gamma
detection and imaging technologies for monitoring in vivo tracer uptake are
rapidly expanding and being introduced for bed-side imaging and image guided
surgical procedures. The Hybrid Gamma Camera (HGC) has been developed to
enhance the localization of targeted radiopharmaceuticals during surgical
procedures; for example in sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsies and for
bed-side imaging in procedures such as lacrimal drainage imaging and thyroid
scanning. In this study, a prototype anthropomorphic head and neck phantom
has been designed, constructed, and evaluated using representative modelled
medical scenarios to study the capability of the HGC to detect SLNs and image
small organs.

Methods: An anthropomorphic head and neck
phantom has been designed to mimic the adult head and neck including some
internal organs and tissues of interest, such as the thyroid gland and
sentinel lymph nodes. The design of the head and neck phantom included an
adjustable inner jig holding the simulated SLNs and thyroid gland. The
simulated thyroid gland was designed and 3D printed taking into consideration
the size and the shape of a healthy adult thyroid gland. The inner sealed
space of the thyroid was filled with 15MBq of 99mTc through two upper filling
valves. Sealed micro-tubes (0.2ml) have been employed to simulate SLNs
containing various 99mTc activity concentrations ranging between 0.1MBq and
1MBq, and can be positioned at any desired place in the head and neck region.
An active background was simulated through mixing 10MBq of 99mTc solution
with the water used to fill the outer shell of the head and neck phantom.

Results: The head and neck phantom was
employed to simulate a situation where there are four SLNs distributed at two
different vertical levels and at two depths within the neck. Contrast to
noise ratio (CNR) calculations were performed for the detected SLNs at an
80mm distance between both pinhole collimators (i.e. 0.5mm and 1.0mm
diameters) and the surface of the head and neck phantom with a 100s
acquisition time. The recorded CNR values for the simulated SLNs are higher
when the HGC was fitted with the 1.0mm diameter pinhole collimator. For
instance, the recorded CNR values for the superficially simulated SLN
containing 0.1MBq of 99mTc using 0.5mm and 1.0mm diameter pinhole collimators
are 6.48 and 16.42, respectively (~87% difference). The anatomical context
provided by the hybrid imaging aided the localization process of
radioactivity accumulation in simulated SLNs. Gamma and hybrid optical images
were acquired using the HGC with both available pinhole collimators for the
simulated thyroid gland. The thyroid images produced varied in terms of
spatial resolution and detectability. The count profiles through the middle
of the simulated thyroid gland images provided by both pinhole collimators
were obtained. The HGC could clearly differentiate the individual peaks of
both thyroid lobes in the gamma image produced by the 0.5mm pinhole
collimator. In contrast, the recorded count profile for the acquired image
using the 1.0mm diameter pinhole collimator showed broader peaks for both
lobes, reflecting the degradation of the spatial resolution with increasing
the diameter of the pinhole collimator.

Conclusion:
The capability of the HGC has been evaluated utilizing a prototype
anthropomorphic head and neck phantom, and the gamma and hybrid images
obtained demonstrate that it is ideally suited for intraoperative SLNs
detection and small organ imaging. The standardization of test phantoms and protocols
for SFOV portable gamma systems will provide an opportunity to collect data
across various medical centers and research groups. Moreover, it will provide
a technical baseline for researchers and clinical practitioners to consider
when assessing their SFOV gamma imaging systems. The anthropomorphic head and
neck phantom described is cost effective, reproducible, flexible and
anatomically representative.

جوائز التكريم:

الجائزة (1):

مسمى الجائزة:

Certificate
Of Merit

الجهة المانحة:

British Nuclear Medicine Society

تاريخ الجائزة:

22/05/2017

مجال التكريم:

Poster
Presentation